America Built the Fabs and Forgot the Packaging: 74% of Chip Assembly Is Still in Asia, and Amkor's $7B Arizona Campus Won't Ship Until 2028
CHIPS Act dollars poured into wafer fabs, but the back end — assembly, test, and advanced packaging — stayed overseas. Asia-Pacific still holds roughly 74% of the OSAT market, so even Arizona-fabbed wafers fly to Taiwan to become finished chips. Amkor's $7B Peoria campus is the marquee fix, but it won't reach production until early 2028.